The Abicana webstore
Mail: Aquila_grande@yahoo.no
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The Abicana webstore
|
Mail: Aquila_grande@yahoo.no
|
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Music instruments, hobby products, artistic effects, music recordings
Wellcome to this online presentation of music instruments, items that artists can wear on the scene and music recordings. Please click on the links to read more or make a purchase. At the bottom of this page there is also some information about scales used in music.
Music instruments and art material
Music instruments shops - By clicking at the banners below, you find two great collection of music instruments. Please visit the collections and choose what you find to suit your artistic need for a good prize. The collection of By scrolling down you will find examples from these collections.
Some manufacturers available: ImageLine, Jackson, Jasmine,Jay Turser. JBL, Johnson, Korg, KRK, Latin Percussion, Lexicon, Line 6, Loar,M-Audio, Mackie, Marshall, Martin, Microboards, Milab, Mindprint, Monster, Montana, Moog, Motu, MusicXPC, MXL, Nady, Nord, Numark, Odyssey, Ortofon, Oscar Schmidt, Ovation, Pacific, Paiste, Palatino, Paris Swing, Pearl, Peavey.
There are music instruments and accessories from these fabricants: Akai, Alesis, Alvarez, American Audio, America, Ampeg, Anchor Audio, Antari, Applause, Apple, Aria, Arturia, Ashdown, Audio Technica, Auralex, Axis,AXL, B.C. Rich, Bach, Behringer, Bornemar, Boss, Casio, Celemony, Celestion, Cerwin Vega, Chauvet, Crate, Crown.
Woodwind and Brasswind - Great collections of woodwind and brass instruments. Also guitars and more.
Equipment for visual and shaping art - In this warehouse you can find all kind of tools for visual art and the art of shaping figures from materials, and all types of materials you need for your artwork. Equipment for drawing, painting modelling sewing and much more.
some other things useful for musicians
Design your own artist clothes - with Spreadshirt Designer
- These banners give access to an application that make it possible to decide exactly how your clothes shall look, and purchase these clothes. You can design most types of clothes for men, women, teens and children. You can make clothes with your own texts and figures, and chose between a variety of patterns and colors.For residents in US, please click at this banner:
Residents in UK, please click at this banner:
Body jewelry to use on scene and elsewhere
- Here you find any kind of body jewelry and adorns to create your own image to use when you perform as musician or for your daily life.
Hobby product
sGameSharkStore - Cool game equipment for good prizes
- All types of equipment for all game-play consoles or bases, like contollers, wheels, joysticks, cables and faceplates.
Redcats and redcat accessories: Nitro driven redcats: Hurricane XP PRO, Monsoon XP, Avalamche XP, Tornado BP, Tsunami, Tsunami ultrawide, Volcano SV SV Pro, Tremor ATV XTB XtG XTK XTR. Electric redcats: Lightning XTK, Tornado EPX, Tsunami EPX, Volcano EPXr.
A great collection of hobby gears
- RC models, airsoft guns, electronic hobby items: Remote controle helicopters, aircrafts, cars, boats and robots. Magic sets. Electronic sets and electronic components of all kinds. Chemistry sets. All models of airsoft guns. All other types of hobby items. Here are two great shops of hobby items reachable through these banners. Through this link you will first see a fine RC indoor aircraft model, and can browse for all other products too.
Please click here to see HobbyTron's products-Ed Hardy Palm-Z Silverlit Mini RC Indoor Airplane (Special Edition)
Special stores for nitro driven aircraft and car models
This is a great store of nitro driven aircraft
models and some electric driven.
C
omprehensive stores for RC models and accessories: These stores have all types of RC models and equipment for RC models cathegorized into well assorted divisions and sub-divisions so that it is easy to find what you are looking for. If you plan to begin as a RC modellist, it can be useful to look through this store first to see what is most exciting.
Special store for helicopter models:
A huge collection of RC helicopter models and helicopter parts.
Examples of the many models
available
Here you see some of the instruments from the
collections
To see
more examples, please click here
To see instrument exhibition 1
To see instrument exhibition 3
Recordings and games
Napster - By being a member of Napster, you can listen to or download an unlimited number of digital recordings. You can also get access to 50 radio stations free from commercials. You can search for old recordings, discover recordings you did not know about before and get emmediate access to the latest music releases. You can also set up your own playlists to share with friends. You can also play music from Napster on your home stereo. Before you decide finally, you will get a free trial.
Classical music - Through this link you will find all quality recordnings of great classical compositions.
Gamers Gate - an enormous store of computer games
- Here you can find any computer game. You also have opportunity to pre-order a lot of new alunches of popular top-rated games.
Some examples of the many games available:
GamersGate Weekly Specials-Buy and Download PC and Mac Games directly to your computer
Buy PC and Mac Games! Nice Prices - less than $10!
Interesting sites
Stradivarius -The most mysterious and amazing violon
Other products
Get rid of skin problems and make your skin younger- This link give access to a great collection of articles to help solve any skin problem or treat skin diseases, for example many good acne solutions.
Acne Actimin pills - To help the skin clean itself form acne symptoms and stimulate healing from damage caused by acne.
ACNE TREATMENT SET - Pills, creams and washes - Complete sets to clean out acne symptoms and induce healing.
Problems with unwanted body hair? - By regular use of this topical cream, you will reduce and eventually take away unwanted body hair growth.
Scales in music
Basic concepts about music scales
A scale is a range of tunes used in all or part of any piece of music. Each tune that a scale uses is called a note.
Each scale is defined using a set of basic tunes, called pitches where each pitch is arranged according to the tune hight, which is the same as the sound frequency. Between these basic pitches one sometimes also define intermediate pitches which have a difference between them in frequency that is some fraction of the difference between the main pitches. Each pich is separated by a frequency interval calculated by some method.
It is customary to repeat counting the pitches after a number of pitches so that the total pitches set is composed of subsequent groups of pitches with a fixed number of pitches in each group. Such a group is called an octave. It is also customary to let the last note in an octave also be the first note in the next. There is a physical rule for how to define an octave. It is usually defines such that the pitch at a place in one octave is the double of the frequency of the pitch at the same place in the octave below.
The pitches can be given a number to distignguish them. It is also customary to define those pitches that are used as notes in the C-major scale, and give these pitches the same names that they have as notes in the C-major-scale, that is - C-D-E-F-G-A-H-C. If one does so, other pitches must be defined with referance to those pitches.
A scale is a selected number of
pitches from a basic pitch set that is used to make a piece of music. The
selected pitches are called notes and each note is given a name. Composers often
selects one of several standard scales for a composition. A scale do not however
allways use as notes all the basic pitches or fractional basic pitches in the
pitch set. The different notes used in a scale can also have different number of
fractional basic pitches between them. The distance between two notes in a scale
is called scale step.
Scales are then characterized by these properties:
- The basic tunes that are defined and the method of calculating the basic tunes. Each basic tune can be further divided in finer steps consisting of half tunes, 1/3 tunes, 1/4 tunes, etc.
- The number of notes in each note-groupe.
- The basic pitches or basic fractional tunes used as notes in each note-group in the scale.
- If the steps (number of basic
tunes or fractional basic tunes) between each note are the similar or differ
from each other.
A scale defined using 12 basic tune steps (usually defined as 8 tunes and 2 half
tunes between each) is called a cromatic scale. Most western music is made using
such a scale.
Natural Scale
A natural scale is based on a set of pitches where one use a key pitch and all
other pitches are calculated by multiplying that with 2 a number of times and
then dividing with 3 a number of times or doing some adjustments that give
similar result.
To define the pitch set one must then choose the multiples of 2 one uses in the multiplications and the multiples of 3 one uses in the sunsequent divisions.
Mathematically the pitch set can also be said as consisting of all numbers obtained by the formula p=t*(2 exp x/3 exp y) where p is each pitch, t is the basic pitch and the numbers x and y are coosen from two fixed sets one has chosen.
The characteristic describing the key pitch and all other pitches can be the sound frequency, the length of a string, the tension of a string, the perseption of the tune or some well-defined combination of physical properties of a string.
Then a scale is defined by choosing some of the pitches in each octave in the pitch set.
Folk music tends to
follow the natural scale.
Temperated scale
A temperated scale uses a pitch set that relates each pitch to the next by
multiplying with a fixed frequency
relationship.
In the piano it is the ratio of the twelfth root of two 2exp1 / 12. A piano keyboard has twice the frequency if one goes 12 keys away to the left (one octave below).
The advantage of the temperate scale is arbitrary tonal harmony
with one another on equal terms with all the other tones in the scale. This is
because of the constant ratio between the frequencies. In addition, there is a
specific number of frequencies in an octave, making it easier to create
instruments that can reproduce all the tones in the scale.
There are several temperate scale. The one with 12 equal intervals is the one
used in western classical and popular music. The one with 53 equal intervals
used in the Middle East. The one with 72 equal intervals used in South Indian
music.
Temperate scale usually ranges that are similar to the most widely used
natural-scale intervals. The example is AE which is 27 / 12, ie in the
12-tempered scale and that the natural scale. The number of intervals in
existing temperate-scale (12, 53, and 72) are not randomly chosen. They minimize
the total distance between the simple nature shall intervals and the nearest
temperate interval.
Diatonic scales These are defined with a pitch set with 12 pitches in each octave. The interval difference between each pitches is usually called 1/2 step and that between two pitches usually called 1 pitch step.
The scales of this type chooses 7 of the pitches in the pitch set, but in such a way that most of the notes have one step between them, two of the notes have only 1/2 step between them, and those two lie maximally far from each other when the tunes are arranged in a circle.
To define such scales one often uses the pitch set used by the notes in the C major scale, the names of these notes and those pitches are C D E F G A H and C
These pitches are allready defined with one pitch step between most pitches, but with 1/2 pitch step between E and F and between H and C.
When a diatonic scale is defined one uses the names of these pitches alone or furnished with a cross or a b to denote pitches laying on half below or above those pitches.
The C major scale
This is a temperated and diatonic scale with a pitch called C as the basic
pitch.
It is defined with a pitch set with 12 pitches in each octave. The interval difference between each pitches is usually called 1/2 step and that between two pitches usually called 1 pitch step.
The scale has 7 notes in an octave called C D E F G A H.
There are one pitch steps between
most of the notes. But there is only 1/2 pitch step between E and F and between
H and C.
Scales in classical music
The most common scales in classical music includes seven tones and repeated in
all octaves. The steps in these separated by whole and half tone increments.
Western music from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance used the diatonic scale
of the regular tones CDEFGAH. Tables were small and unsystamatically used. When
they were used, it was often to avoid the interval Tritonus, the diminished
fifth, which was also called "Devil's chord".
In European classical music (about 1600-1900) you find mainly three scales:
- The diatonic scale of seven tones.
- Melodic and harmonic minor, both of the seven notes.
These scales are used in all trans
positions, ie on the basis of all twelve tones. In this period, the modulation
is introduced, systematically moving from one scale to another. Modulation does
not follow necessarily any fixed rules, but there are many conventions that are
followed. For example, it is very common for a piece in major, begins in a
diatonic scale from the play's tonic, before the modulated to a diatonic scale
from dominant.
Later, in the nineteenth and twentieth century, began to explore several types
of scales:
- The chromatic scale
- Whole tone scale (six tones)
-The pentatonic scale (five notes)
Several reduced scales (called dim-scale) (eight tones)
Step in a scale
In many musical kontektster mention one of the tones in a scale as "tonic",
scale central and most stable step. Given the tonic the other steps are given a
or number for how many steps above the tonic is. For example: The tones in a C
major scale (C, D, E, F, G, A, H) can be given numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7) in
relation to the basic tones, C. Any reference to a tone with a number or name
that tells the tone selected as the tonic.
Such naming of steps is dependent on choosing a tonic, so numbering is not the
scale itself (see terminology) but shall modes. For example: If focuses on the C
diatonic scale with A as the tonic, we get A = 1, H = 2, C = 3 and so on. The
distance between two specific steps in a scale is independent of the tone,
called tonic.
The steps in a dur scale have names tonic, Supertonic, Mediant, subdominant,
dominant, Subdominant and Subtonic. When the tones of a scale to get the name,
it is customary to give each stage names based on each letter; A diatonic scale
is written A - B - C ♯ - D - E - F ♯ - G ♯ rather than A - B -- D ♭ - D - F ♭ -
E ♯ ♯ - G ♯, which is one-harmonic. Such naming is however not possible in the
scales with more than seven tones.
MORE ABOUT TUNES AND TUNE SCALES
An instrument usually have tangents or steps with a different in tune hight of a half-tune. The full set of tunes is divided in octaves. The tune hight of one octave is set so that the first tune in that octave is the double of the first tune in the prior octave when measured in a logarithmic scale.
The tunes in each octave is called with these letters: C,D,E,F,G,A,H. The difference between each of these tunes are two half tunes, except between E and F where the difference is just one half tune, and between H and C of the nex octave where the difference is also just one half tune.
In ordinary western music you do not usually use the half-tunes freely. Instead you must choose one of several standard note scales. Each scale begins with one of the tunes as denoted by the letters in the alphabet. And each scale has only a half tune between the third and fourth note, and betwwen the eighth and nineth note if you count from the first note in the scale. Thus the different scales use different half-tunes and avoid others.
The C-dur-scale is the simplest because the tangents on many instruments the tunes C,DE,F,G,A,H are marked explicitly. On the piano these tangents are white. It just begins with the C.
One may wander why one has introduced the complication that not all tunes in a scale are equally spaced and why one cannot use the half-tunes freely. An one may wander why one needs different scales at all each starting from its own particular note.
If you read music instruction books, you never get a good answar for those complication. They just teach it to you as this is a fundamental fact that cannot be otherwise. Some more theoretical texts will say that the music will sound more rhythmic or harmonic that way, but this is probably only a bad excuse for some unnecessary complication that has been introduced at some point in the history and that it is difficult to change because so much music has been written according to the standard scales.
Francly speaking, different scales with different spacing between between tunes are not necessary. They make the learning and practicizing of music more difficult, and they make the music somewhat less pleasant than than it optimally could be.
A piece of music may need some inner and repeated structure made by avoiding certain half-tunes and engaging only certain other tones. But that structure could be determined on a free base for each time one makes a composition.